On August 21st
1864 Confederate Major General Nathan Bedford Forrest made a raid on Memphis,
Tennessee in the early morning hours. He
was not trying to capture the town which was occupied by about 6,000 Union
troops. Bedford hit the town with three
things in mind, first to cause Union troops to pull back out of Mississippi,
second to capture the Union generals posted there and lastly to break free the
Confederate prisoners of war being held at the Irving Block Prison.
Moving into
Memphis with about 1,500 cavalry, Forrest used the heavy morning fog to get
past Union patrols. The Confederates
galloped through the streets of Memphis firing off shots at Union troops. They did not find the generals, although one,
Union Major General Cadwallader Colden Washburn made his escape to Fort Pickering
in his night shirt. Union troops were
able to prevent the attack on the Irving Block Prison, and so after two hours
Forrest withdrew his men. The
Confederates cut the telegraph wire, gathered supplies, a large number of
horses and about 500 Union prisoners.
Union Major
General Stephen Augustus Hurlbut, the commander of the Union Army of Gulf said
of Forrest after the raid, "There it goes again! They superseded me with
Washburn because I could not keep Forrest out of West Tennessee, and Washburn
cannot keep him out of his own bedroom!"
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