Union
Captain Charles Wilkes the commander of the USS San Jacinto intercepted a
British mail packet, the RMS Trent on November 8th 1861. The British ship was boarder and two
Confederate diplomats; James Murray Mason and John Slidell, were found on board
and removed under Union custody. The two
men were on their way to England and France to try to get diplomatic recognition
for the Confederacy and were traveling under the protection of the British flag.
The initial
public reaction within the Union was to come together against Britain, but
President Abraham Lincoln knew better then to risk a war on that front. The Confederate states thought this might be
the thing that would hurt Federal and British relations and bring them recognition. In Britain there was outrage that their
neutrality had been violated and they demanded an apology as well as the
release of Mason and Slidell. There was
even a movement of English troops to Canada for a possible invasion of Maine.
There were
several weeks of tension which was resolved when Union Secretary of State
William Seward made a disavowal of Captain Wilkes’ action saying he had erred
in not bringing the RMS Trent in for adjudication violating the policy of
freedom of the seas. There was no formal
apology, but Mason and Slidell were released and allowed to continue on their
diplomatic mission to Britain.
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